Table of Tools

Narrow-band screens for young children (for mental health, psychosocial risk, and autism spectrum disorder. These are valuable adjuncts in primary care and elsewhere but should not be used as the sole measure of developmental-behavioral status)
Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) (1999). Free download at www.mchatscreen.com Included in the PEDS:DM (www.pedstest.com). Online offerings: see below Training Options: none	16–48 months	Parent report of 23 yes-no questions and written at 4-6th grade reading level. Screens for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Downloadable scoring template and .xls files for automated scoring. Available in multiple languages. If M-CHAT is failed, then the M-CHAT Follow-Up Interview is strongly recommended by its authors. This is because 6-10% of children fail the M-CHAT at the 18- and 24-month well-visits, which leads to a high over-referral rate for an expensive comprehensive ASD evaluation.	Pass/fail scores based on failing at least 2 critical items, or 3 or more non-critical items	By age and By disability, i.e, autism spectrum disorders: Sensitivity: 90%; Specificity: 99%. However, future validity studies are pending.	Scoring Time: 1 minute (manual scoring with a transparent sheet) Interview Time: 5 minutes (excluding follow-up on any failed items)
Brief-Infant-Toddler Social-Emotional Assessment (BITSEA); Harcourt Assessment, Inc, 19500 Bulverde Road \| San Antonio, Texas 78259 \|(1-800-211-8378) http://pearsonassess.com/ Online Offerings: Scoring CD-Rom Training Options: none	12–36 months	42 item parent-report measure for identifying social-emotional/behavioral. problems and delays in competence. Items were drawn from the assessment level measure, the ITSEA. Written at the 4th – 6th grade level. Available in Spanish, French,Dutch, Hebrew.	Cut-points based on child age and sex show present/ absence of problems and competence.	By age and disability, ie., internalizing, externalizing, and autism spectrum disorders, Sensitivity: 80%–95% Specificity: 80%.	Scoring Time: 3 minutes Interview Time: 6 minutes
Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory/Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory. Psychological Assessment Resources, P.O. Box 998 Odessa Florida: 33556 (1-800-331-8378) http://www.parinc.com/ Online Offerings: not yet available Training Options: e-mail support, live training (cost unknown)	2‐16 years	The ECBI/SESBI consists of 36 –38 short statements of common behavior problems, along with parents’ perceptions of problem intensity, i.e., a probe about the degree to which a specific issue is challenging for parents. The ECBI uses parent report while the SESBI is used for teacher report. Written at the 1st – 2nd grade level, the measure functions as a problems checklist for planning interventions. Can be used as a longitudinal indicator of progress. In print in English and licensed in Spanish and 9 other languages.	Single refer/ non-refer score for externalizing problems, --conduct, aggression, etc. plus an intensity score per item	By age and by disability, i.e., conduct disorders, Sensitivity: 80%, specificity: 86%	Scoring time: 5 minutes Interview time: 5 minutes
Infant-Toddler Checklist for Language and Communication (1998). Paul H. Brookes Publishing, Inc., P.O. Box 10624, Baltimore, MD, 21285 (1-800-638-3775). (Part of CSBS-DP, http://www.pbrookes.com Online Offerings: Scoring CD-ROM Training Options: live training (cost unknown)	6‐24 months	Parents complete the Checklist's 24 multiple-choice questions. Focuses on screening for language, social communication. Examiners are encouraged to observe child to verify parents’ answers via brief observation. Reading level is ~3rd grade. Can serve as an entry point into the assessment-level, CSBS and also as a monitoring tool. Does not screen for motor milestones. In English, Spanish, Slovenian, Chinese, and German.	Cutoff scores for each domain: Social, speech and symbolic	By age and by disability, i.e., developmental disabilities, Sensitivity: 78% Specificity: 84%.	Scoring time: ~10 minutes (by hand), ~3 with CD-ROM Observation time: ~5 minutes Interview Time: 8 minutes
Greenspan Social-Emotional Growth Chart (2004). Pearson Assessment P.O. Box 599700, San Antonio, TX 78259 (1-800- 211-8378) http://pearsonassess.com/ Online Offerings: not yet available Training Options: FAQs on website, live training probably offered with Bayley-III training (cost unknown)	0‐42 months	Parents (or examiners) complete a 35 item, 5 point rating scale. Covers self-regulation and interest in the world, engagement in relationships, purposeful interactive communication with emotions, emotional gestures, and emotional problem-solving. Enables a plot of growth overtime including indicators of regression. Inter-rater and test-retest reliability, along with readability levels, were all not reported. In English only.	Cutoff scores at different ages; scaled scores (standardiza-tion sample extrapolated from the Bayley-III)	By age, Sensitivity: 67% - 98%; Specificity: 68% - 98% (but validated on an at-risk, English- speaking only sample) By disability, Sensitivity: 67% - 87%; Specificity: 68% - 98% for ASD	Scoring Time: ~5 minutes Interview Time: 12 minutes
Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) Paul H. Brookes, Publishers, PO Box 10624, Baltimore, Maryland 21285 (1-800-638-3775). http://www.pbrookes.com/ Online offerings: see below Training Options: email support, training videos, live training (cost unknown)	3–66 months	Companion measure to ASQ-3. ASQ:SE consists of 8 age-specific forms (each 4-6 pages long) with 22-36 items. Items focus on self-regulation, compliance, communication, adaptive functioning, autonomy, affect, and interaction with people. Readability is 5th – 6th grade. Includes activities sheets for families. In English and Spanish	Single cutoff score indicating when a referral is needed	By age and disability, i.e., social-emotional delays/ problems, Sensitivity: 71%–85%; Specificity: 90% -98%.	Scoring Time: 2 minutes Interview Time: 10 minutes
Family Psychosocial Screening. Kemper, KJ & Kelleher KJ. Family psychosocial screening: instruments and techniques. Included in PEDS:Developmental Milestones and downloadable at http://www.pedstest.com Online Offerings: none Training Options: none	parents of all ages	A two-page clinic measure of psychosocial risk factors associated with developmental problems, often used for clinic intake. More than four risk factors is associated with developmental delays. The FPS also includes: a) a four item screen for parental history of physical abuse as a child; b) a six item measure of parental substance abuse; c) a four item screen for domestic violence; and d) a three item measure of maternal depression. Can be used along with the Brigance Parent-Child Interaction Scale to view parenting risk and resilience. More than four psychosocial risk factors is associated with developmental delays. Readability is 4th grade. In English and Spanish.	Refer/no refer scores for each risk factor. Also has guides to referring and resource lists.	By condition, i.e., parental depression, substance abuse, etc., Sensitivity: > 90% Specificity: >90%	Scoring Time: 3 minutes Interview Time: 15 minutes

DEVELOPMENTAL SCREENS RELYING ON ELICITING SKILLS DIRECTLY FROM CHILDREN: these tools are recommended for early childhood, NICU follow-up, referral clinic triage, etc. All require more time and skill than is typically available in primary care--although clinics with nurse practitioners (who generally have lots of assessment skills, and who typically administer screens to a subset of general peds patients), may find any of the below helpful as a second stage screen.
Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screen (BINS). San Antonio, Texas: The Psychological Corporation, 1995. 555 Academic Court, San Antonio, TX 78204 (1-800-228-0752) http://www.pearsonassessments.com Online offerings: none Training Options: none	3‐24 months	Uses 10 - 13 directly elicited items per 3 - 6 month age range assess neurological processes (reflexes, and tone); neurodevelopmental skills (movement, and symmetry) and developmental accomplishments (object permanence, imitation, and language). Standardized on a low birth weight, not general, sample.	Categorizes performance into low, moderate or high risk via cut scores. Provides subtest cut scores for each domain	By age, disability, i.e., cognitive delay and neurological/ motor impairment, Sensitivity: 75% - 86%; Specificity: 75% - 86%	Administration/ Scoring Time: 10 minutes
Brigance Screens-II. Curriculum Associates, Inc. (2005) 153 Rangeway Road, N. Billerica, MA, 01862 (1-800-225-0248). http://www.curriculumassociates.com/ Online offerings: see below Training Options: live workshops (cost unknown), e-mail support, webcasts, videos, listserve	0‐90 months	Nine separate forms, one for each 12 month age range. Taps speech-language, motor, readiness and general knowledge at younger ages and also reading and math at older ages. Uses a combination of direct elicitation and observation. In the 0 – 2 year age range, can be administered by parent interview. Includes longitudinal tracking, progress indicators plus separate psychosocial risk cutoffs for children in Head Start type programs who need “the gift of time” before referral decisions are made. In English, with Spanish and other language directions.	Cutoff, quotients, percentiles, age equivalent scores in various domains and overall.	By age, disabilities, i.e., language impairment, LD, intellectual disabilities, physical impairment, ASD), Sensitivity: 73% - 100%; Specificity: 72% - 94% By age, giftedness/ academic talent, Sensitivity: 81% - 100%; Specificity: 70% - 94%	Administration Scoring Time: 10 - 15 minutes
PEDS: Developmental Milestones (Assessment Version). PEDSTest.com, LLC,. 1013 Austin Court, Nolensville, TN 37135 Phone: 615-776-4121; fax: 615-776-4119 http://www.pedstest.com. Online Offerings: see below Training Options: Training is freely offered via downloadable slide shows with notes, case examples, and handouts, website discussion list (covering all screens), training modules, short videos, e-mail/phone consultation with research/training staff.	0‐8 years	PEDS:DM Assessment Version uses the same items as the Screening Version but presents more at once in each domain (about 35 total, depending on age) for: fine motor, gross motor, self-help, academics, expressive language, receptive language, and social-emotional). Items are administered by parents or professionals. Written at the 2nd grade level. The Assessment Level booklet is reusable with each child and includes a longitudinal score form to track progress. Includes the same supplementary measures (e.g., of mental health, ASD, parent-child interactions, academic measures, psychosocial risk) as the Screening Version. In English and Spanish.	Age equivalent scores, percentage of delay/progress along with the same cutoffs, sensitivity/ specificity as the PEDS:DM Screening Version.	By age, disabilities, i.e., significant deficits in each domain of development on diagnostic measures, Sensitivity: 75% - 94% Specificity: 71% - 93%	Scoring time: 5 minutes Direct Administration Time: 10 minutes
Battelle Developmental Inventory Screening Test –II (BDIST) –2 (2006). Riverside Publishing Company, 8420 Bryn Mawr Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60631 (1-800-323-9540) www.riversidepublishing.com Online offerings: see below Training Options: live workshops, webcasts	0‐95 months	Items (at least 6 are needed per domain) use a combination of direct assessment, observation, and parental interview to provide separate scores in adaptive behavior, personal-social, communication, motor, and cognitive domains). Used only to decide if the full BDI-2 is needed. Includes links to the Hawaii Curriculum and to the BDI-2 Curriculum. In English and Spanish.	Age equivalents and cutoffs at 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 SDs below the mean in each of 5 domains	By age: not available By disability, i.e., to problematic performance on the full BDI-2, and only computed on a select sample with 50% of children qualifying for special services―making the following figures likely to be inflated when compared to other tools, Sensitivity: 72% - 93%; Specificity: 79% - 88%.	Administration scoring time: 10 – 30 minutes

SCREENS FOR OLDER CHILDREN (these screens focus on academic skills and mental health, including ADHD screening. The shorter ones, such as the SWILS and PSC are suitable for primary care)
Safety Word Inventory and Literacy Screener (SWILS). PEDSTest.com, LLC Items courtesy of Curriculum Associates, Inc. The SWILS is included (laminated) in PEDS:Developmental Milestones (www.pedstest.com) Online offerings: none Training Options: slide shows, email consultation at www.pedstest.com	06/14/11	Children are asked (by parents or professionals) to read 29 common safety words (e.g., High Voltage, Wait, Poison) aloud. The number of correctly read words is compared to a cutoff score. Results predict performance in math, written language and a range of reading skills. Test content may serve as a springboard to injury prevention counseling and can be used to screen for parental literacy. Because even non-English speakers living in the US need to read safety words in English, the measure is only available in English.	Single cutoff score indicating the need for a referral	By age/academic deficits, Sensitivity: 73% - 88%; Specificity: 77% - 88%	Administration/Scoring time: ~7 minutes
Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC). http://psc.partners.org/ The Pictorial PSC (PPSC) is useful with low-income Spanish speaking families in its 17 item factorial version facilitates screening for ADHD, internalizing and externalizing disorders) is included (laminated) in the PEDS:DM (www.pedstest.com) Online offerings: none Training Options: slide shows, email consultation at www.pedstest.com	4‐16 years	35 vs. 17 short statements of problem behaviors including both externalizing (conduct) and internalizing (depression, anxiety, adjustment, etc.). Uses parent-report or youth self-report. The PSC/PPSC in their 17 item versions produce cutoffs for attentional, internalizing and externalizing problems. Readability is ~ 2nd grade. In English, Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, Dutch, Filippino, French, Somali, and several other languages. Last standardized in 1998 (over 10 years ago).	Single refer/no refer score. Cutoffs scores also available for attention, internalizing, and externalizing problems. No questionable category.	PSC/PPSC by disability, i.e., mental health disorders of any kind, across numerous studies: Sensitivity: 80% - 95%; Sensitivity: 68% - 100% PSC-17/PPSC-17 by specific disability, i.e., ADHD Sensitivity: 58% Specificity: 91% Internalizing Disorders, Sensitivity: 52% - 73% Specificity: 74% Externalizing Disorders, Sensitivity: 62% Specificity: 89%	Scoring time: 3 minutes Interview Time: 3 minutes
Connors Rating Scale-Revised (CRS-R) Pearson Assessments, Inc. 1-800-627-7271 http://www.pearsonassessments.com Training Options: none	3‐17 years	Three versions are used for diagnosis: teacher report, parent report and youth self-report. Produces 7 factor scores: Cognitive Problems/ Inattention, Hyperactivity, Oppositional, Anxious-Shy, Perfectionism, Social Problems, and, Psychosomatic. Several subscales specific to ADHD are also included: DSM-IV symptom subscales (Inattentive, Hyperactive/Impulsive, and Total); Global Indices (Restless-Impulsive, Emotional Lability, and Total), and an ADHD Index. The GI is useful for treatment monitoring. Also available in French	Cutoff tied to the 93rd percentile for each factor	By Age and Disability, i.e., oppositional, cognitive, hyperactivity, ADHD, Sensitivity. 78% to 92%; Specificity: 84% to 94%	Scoring Time: 10 minutes Interview Time: 20 minutes

Online Records Options for Screening with Quality tools (including online and other digital approaches to administration and scoring). Essential definitions are: Keyboards --users can type in text-based answers to questions Touch-screens applications-- (hopefully self-explanatory but these often allow parents to also listen to questions and response options, thus reducing literacy demands); Online --meaning an internet connection, preferably high speed is needed; CD-ROM--offline but still electronic, and requiring installation on the users’ computer); Parent Portal -- applications (typically web-based and thus online) where parents can complete measures but do not see results. Rather these are sent to a different office computer for inclusion in the medical record/sharing results. Webcasts/webinars--Either live or constantly available on publishers’ websites. LiveWebcasts are generally translated into Webinars (a few days after a live webcast) and thus become videos/audios, usually freely available on demand.
Company	Training/ Support options	Description and Pricing
CHADIS (http://www.chadis.com/) PEDS, ASQ, M-CHAT and other measures online for touch-screen, tablet PCs, keyboards, and parent portal methods). Spanish language version coming soon.	Downloadable guides, live training at exhibits, and other training services on request.	CHADIS also includes decision support for a large range of other measures, both diagnostic and parent/family focused, such as the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale, and various parental depression inventories. CHADIS offers integration with existing EHRs. works with a range of equipment/applications, and automatically generates reports.
PEDSTest.com. LLC (www.pedstest.com/online) PEDS, M-CHAT, PEDS:DM online for keyboard and parent portal (PEDS:DM in Spanish and other translations coming soon)	Slide shows, website FAQs, email support, online videos, discussion list	This site offers PEDS, PEDS:DM, and the Modified Checklist in Toddlers (M-CHAT) for applications for keyboards (including I-PAD) allowing for actual comments from parents). Offers a parent portal (wherein families do not see the results), etc. Scoring is automated as are summary reports for parents, referral letters when needed, and ICD-9/procedure codes. HL-7 integration with electronic records is available as is data export and aggregate views of records.
Brookes Publishing (www.agesandstages.com/) (ASQ/ASQ:SE via CD-ROM installed on keyboard computers, along with web-based scoring service)	Live training, online training, purchasable training videos, email listserv	ASQ on a CD-ROM enables users to click answers and receive an automated score. The software offers aggregation of results, report writing templates, and progress tracking.
Curriculum Associates (www.cainc.com) (Brigance Screens-II online for keyboards. English only but with Spanish-language score/administration forms)	Live training, online training, email and phone support, customer suggestion box	This service, web-based or via CD-ROM, provides clickable data sheets which automatically calculate scores including age equivalents, quotients, progress indicators, at-risk cutoff scores quotients etc. Aggregated reports are available through the online service.
Riverside Publishing (http://www.riverpub.com) for Battelle Developmental Inventory along with the screening version (BDIST-II) online via keyboards, and/or CD-ROM	Website FAQs, email support, live workshops, webcasts/webinars	Scoring services include report writing, all via web-based services. The website indicate a version for Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) but this will be phased out shortly. In English and Spanish.
Patient Tools (www.patienttools.com) (PEDS, M-CHAT, ASQ, ASQ:SE and others measures online for tablet PCs)	Webcasts/webinars, live support by phone, email	Patient Tools plans to offer the ASQ, ASQ:SE, MCHAT, the Vanderbilt ADHD Scales and a wide range of behavioral/mental health measures for adolescents and adults. A parent portal approach is available via Survey Tablets. Equipment including docking stations is rented, lease-purchased, or purchased.